Showing posts with label Community. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Community. Show all posts

Friday, 29 March 2024

Historiography in Te Puna

It’s popular right now for historians to emphasise the “story” aspect of history.  Neat, straightforward, direct.  Everyone has a story.  Historians who are serious about their profession know, however, that every story has a story.  This is one.

Title page of Keepers of the Faith

A somewhat battered copy of the book compiled to commemorate the centennial of St Joseph’s Church, Hatu Hohepa, in Te Puna, titled  Keepers of the Faith, has come to the Te Puna Archive. [1]  Its provenance is reasonably clear: it was initially acquired by the Te Puna Community Library, had apparently sustained water damage, in which state was withdrawn from the library’s holdings and came into the possession of the Gravits (Peter Gravit was for a time a member of the Community Library Committee).

Peter and Jen Rolleston authored the book.  Peter died in 2007, [2] but Jen is still very much with us, and was very willing to talk about the way this very local history was brought together.  As a direct consequence of the work she, Ellen Nicholas and Peter did to research the Pirirākau Claim: WAI 227, Peter Farrelly of the Parish Council approached them on behalf of the Church Centennial Committee for a publication to support the celebrations attendant on the little wooden church’s one hundredth anniversary.  The first service there was held on 1 January 1900.

Compared to the work required to support WAI 227, this job seemed, and was, Jen says, relatively straightforward.  It took between six and nine months to write; photographs were readily available, and the community it described were all people known to each other, or whose memory was still well alive among them.  Most people came forward with their recollections of the church and its place in the Te Puna landscape.

Jen Rolleston

Compared to the gaps and contradictions that had to be resolved for the raupatu claim, Jen told me, getting material for the St Joseph’s book was far easier.  “People had papers, photos and bits and pieces about the church in all sorts of places – for instance, [co-builder with Werahiko Borell] Hone Bidois’s papers were put together in a box held in the Tuhakaraina homestead.”  Hone was the grand-uncle of Martin Tuhakaraina, Chairman of the Centennial Committee. 

Despite these advantages, writing a local history is not always easy.  Jen called it “interesting” when I asked her if it was fun to do.  Peter, who, she said, “Put his heart and soul into the WAI 227 claim”, was a serious historian whose work entailed deep analysis and careful assessment of the evidence.  “It’s hard for us to really understand how things were then,” Jen muses.  “We think we know but we don’t really.”  Nevertheless, the experience gained by the team from the raupatu claim – Peter doing the narrative, Jen and Ellen ferreting out the information needed to fill the gaps – has clearly shaped Keeping the Faith.  It’s a book that, quite deliberately, has almost no conflict.  But it does have a clear historical arc, situating the story of St Joseph’s into a wider context, and balancing the secular forces of history with a moving account of a miracle, set out in an (ahistorical) Appendix.

A careful reader of this local history can, however, detect the threads of tension through the stories.  This is one of the great skills of good local historians: to let past voices speak so that people can, later, make their own minds up.  This short book, citing primary sources, oral accounts and memoirs, is foundational for deeper, more scholarly explorations of the way spirituality and institutional religion contend with and complement each other. [3]  It also offers very practical insights into the life and work of missionary fathers: the St Joseph’s complement were mostly from Holland, speaking te reo with a noticeable Duch accent, authoritative, hands-on and pragmatic.  The Convent school, which ran from 1958 until 1980, was staffed by the Sisters of St Joseph of Cluny in Ireland, [4] another missionary order. Furthermore, the function of evangelism itself is illustrated: once the Church determined that there were no new converts to be gained, the priests were withdrawn and the school was closed. The Little Sisters of Carmel, under the chaplaincy of the combative Father Jordan, lived in it as a retreat for the next decade, until “the effects of a Priest shortage had a direct and dramatic impact upon the Parish”.[5] The response to this crisis came directly from the devout within the Te Puna Catholic community. The book includes an account from the Guardian of the Sacred Sacrament, Rosina Borell.

I am happy to confirm that – quite aside from the rough dealings that resulted in the return of St Joseph’s bell to that church [6] - another conflict reported in Keeping the Faith [7] has also been resolved.  Father Jordan’s cottage, controversially located, in 1982, “squarely in front of the Church, almost completely obscuring [it] from the road frontage”, was at some stage moved to another position, behind the church, and in the background of this photo.

St Joseph’s site, looking southeast

Although Jen cannot remember when, exactly, her book was thus rendered out-of-date, we agree that the cottage’s removal was probably tactfully managed by the Centennial Committee to make way for the welcoming waharoa that bears the plaque and blessings made in the new millennium, January 2000.

References


[1] Kindly deposited as part of the Gravit Collection, 7 March 2024.

[2] See Elisha Rolleston’s essay for Te Mahi Rangahau, https://temahirangahau.wordpress.com/2022/05/01/peter-rolleston/ also published on the Tauranga Historical Society blog, 7 June 2022, https://taurangahistorical.blogspot.com/2022/06/peter-rolleston-1949-2007.html

[3] See, for instance, Cameron, G B: That you might stand here on the roof of the clouds.” The development of Pirirakau theology from encounter to the end of conflict, 1839-1881, Master of Theology thesis, University of Otago, 2015

[5] Rolleston, P and J: Keeping the Faith, p.55, quoting Rosina Borell

[6] Ibid, p.36

[7] Ibid, pp.48-49

Friday, 26 January 2024

The Magic Store at Te Puna

By some rough magic - give or take some changes in level [1] - today’s Te Puna Store stands almost exactly where it always was. The shed adjacent to it, I was told [2], is the last building remaining from the original structures whose life extended well into the 1960s.

The Magic Cash Store, Te Puna, 1937
Collection of Tauranga City Library,
Pae Korokī Ref. 01-260

The store and its shed were the brainchild of Madge Covell. As is evident from many an article in the Bay of Plenty Times, describing her performing talents in singing, recitations and plays [3] she developed throughout her adolescence the charm, confidence and courage needed to be a retailer on the main Tauranga-Waihi highway, with no very near neighbours [4] and only a telephone on a party line [5] for summoning aid.

Madge started the general store in Te Puna about 1924, “filling a long-felt want”. [6] It’s likely she had help from her carpenter brother, William Norman (Norm), to build the store, and her farmer father, William Henry Covell, to negotiate an arrangement for the use of the site from the Armstrongs.  They settled on boundary land just along from the Te Puna Memorial Hall, built in 1922.  Madge was to be a true friend to the Hall Committee [7] - the Te Puna Store held a key to the Hall, along with a register to sign its loan and return, right up until its demolition in 2016.  Her public spirit did not end there.  A voter herself in 1928, she held the electoral rolls for the Te Puna Riding at the store for the 1929 Triennial election of the Tauranga County Council.  In 1931, she made a donation, “on behalf of the young people of Te Puna”, to the Unemployment Auxiliary Committee [8].  In due course the functions of the Post Office moved from the Lochhead home to what had speedily become the hub of the community.

Madge and (possibly) brother Norm and sister Irene, 1937
Detail from Pae Korokī Ref. 01-260

Madge’s charm and energy, as well as the great location, made for business success.  She coped with a burglary in 1929 [9], she installed a petrol pump in 1931 [10], and she bought the land the store stood on in 1932 [11].  No wonder she called it the Magic Store.

By 1937 she had married Leonard Anderson, who moved from Apata [12] to a property in Te Puna [13].  She continued to enjoy a busy social life in Te Puna [14], and continued to run her own shop until she and Len left the district, among many expressions of affection and gratitude, in 1945.

Mr Peedle, Detail from Bay of Plenty Times photo, May 1963
Collection of Tauranga City Library, Gifford-Cross Series, Pae Korokī Ref. gcc-2740

I have been unable to ascertain when the Magic Store became part of the Four Square chain[15].  Madge sold her business to Mr E.C Peedle, who, to my personal knowledge, epitomised the jolly grocer known as “Mr 4 Square”.  He wore the apron.  He drove a magical black delivery van whose fatly rounded outside was, to young eyes, somewhat smaller than its delightful inside.  After Mr Peedle came (briefly) the Bartholomew family, then the Gearys, and after that, for many years, Ben and Margaret Board.  Nowadays the store is run by Pritesh and Dipti Bhikha, very much in the cheerful community tradition established by Madge Covell/Anderson.  The magic lingers on.

Te Puna Store today (2024)
Photograph by Beth Bowden

References

[1] The store used to be elevated slightly above the roadway of State Highway 2, which ran about 15 metres from the slip-road immediately outside the entrance to the shop and, eventually the petrol bowsers.

[2] Personal reminiscence from Dorothy Butt, who, along with her first husband Bill Geary, operated the store 1960-70 (approx.).

[3] Including one beguilingly entitled “The Teasey Tea Patry”, but probably unconnected with the Tauranga haberdasher: https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/BOPT19201215.2.19

[4] The Armstrongs lived nearby, but their house was at least 500m away, on the eastern side of the present roundabout.  At that stage there was no residence at the store.

[5] Operated from the Lochhead home in Te Puna Road.

[9] https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/BOPT19291017.2.14

[13] I have been unable – so far – to establish just where the Anderson home was.

[14] An instance among many: Madge threw a party for her 70-year-old mother, who had evidently moved in to live with the couple, in 1938.  https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/BOPT19380511.2.15

[15] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Four_Square_(supermarket)

Friday, 21 April 2023

Henderson Brothers Sawmill, Upper Kaimai (1936-1957) Part Two

 By John and Julie Green

Early single man’s hut

The Henderson Brothers sawmill and village were built in 1936 on what is now known as the Old Kaimai Road. The construction was under the leadership of Harry Christian who lived in the lower Kaimai. One of the first residents was a Finnish national, Eino Kinnunnen (known as Charlie Anderson), who was invited there to help establish and run the operation.  He had a family but left them back in Gisborne and lived in a single man’s hut across from the mill.

Typical mill house

They were promised the first completed house, but after six months they could wait no longer to be a family unit. They came north and the five of them squeezed into the tiny accommodation. Charlie Anderson was a fitter and blacksmith, and had skills as a farrier. He was also responsible for the repair of the second-hand four-sided planer that was purchased from Auckland, and for its operation during his time there.

Cookhouse under construction

Eventually there were half a dozen “huts” and 14 excellent two-bedroom homes for families plus a cookhouse and office. Elsie, wife of Fred Henderson, ran the store and postal agency for the first couple of years, followed by Alf’s wife Laura. Locals thought that school teacher Alan Simcock coped remarkably well with the sudden increase in his roll from 24 to 35.

Fred Henderson

As time went by, a tennis club was formed, using the court at the school. Just prior to the war a meeting was held by locals and a commitment made to build community hall. Timber was donated by the company, hardware by the farmers and labour by the mill staff. It was the centre of the community’s social life including fortnightly dance, with an excellent dance floor made from specially selected matai timber.

Esme Henderson on the “skids”

One of Charlie’s sons wrote an extensive memoir of their time there for a “bush” reunion held in 1988, portraying an idyllic life of playing in the bush and the stream that ran nearby. It was not without tragedy though as their beloved dog was killed by one of the bush trams, and they took many a risk around the water. Fred’s daughter Esme, now 96, was there for two years as a ten- and eleven-year-old. She felt she was extremely well educated at the school, and when they moved to Matamata she was way ahead of her new school mates. She speaks very fondly of her time “up the Kaimai.”

Two single men’s huts (note concrete chimneys and timber stack)

Jean Cole (daughter of Roy and Dorothy Henderson, who were in residence for about nine years) remembers:

“Life at Kaimai was happy and carefree. There was a block of bush behind the mill houses, bordered by the new through road, which was our playground. We were free to roam between meals - the sound of a whistle being blown was the signal for the Simcock children to go home, and for the Roy Henderson family it was a cowbell. There was always someone to remind us that they could hear the cowbell and Mum wanted us home. When we heard we were to move to Tauranga there were many tears from the children, but our mother was very happy as she had struggled for years to dry the many nappies on the clothesline … blown about dreadfully and often rained on. Life by the beach in Tauranga was far easier for her.”

The village across the road from Henderson’s Mill

After the mill ceased operation in 1957, some of the homes were removed to Greerton and refurbished. The community hall was moved twice, eventually finding a new home at the Lower Kaimai School, where it is still in use. Only one house remains near the old mill site. The Henderson’s Tramline walking track nearby is nowadays managed by the Department of Conservation.

Sources

Memories of the time we lived at Upper Kaimai, 1936-1945, by Eddy Anderson
Henderson Mill, a Landmark, by Ron Lipinski, Bay of Plenty Times, 25/10/2006
Sawmilling Days in the King Country and Kaimai Range from 1933-1945, by Dorothy Henderson
Recollections of the Henderson Timber Company’s Mill, by Dorothy Henderson
More Recollections of Mill Operations, by Bob Henderson (appeared in a 1988 booklet, Kaimai Revisited - 75th Jubilee of the Kaimai School)
The Era of the Bush Tram in New Zealand, by Paul Mahoney, Transpress, 2004
Personal recollections of Jean Cole (daughter of Roy Henderson) and Esme Crawford (daughter of Fred Henderson)

Help with initial images Bill Coster, long time Kaimai Resident
Images courtesy of the Cole family
All images provided by Jean Cole and Esme MacDonald